EMERGENCY FUND

In the current situation, many people have experienced salary cuts or even job loss. During such trying times, an emergency fund can come handy and help you tide over such situations with relative ease. However, you don’t have to wait for an economic rebound to begin saving money. Even if you’re already facing income disruption or financial hardship, you can begin setting aside cash for the future.

Here is a quick guide  on  how to best make your emergency fund work for you.

Why have an emergency fund?

An emergency fund is like the fire extinguisher you keep at home. You hope you’ll never have to use it—but when there’s a need, you’re glad it’s there. 

While you can plan for some foreseeable expenses, an emergency fund can help you manage all unplanned expenses efficiently. The current pandemic is an example of one such unplanned expense. 

Here are a few cases in which you might dip into your emergency savings:

  • Job or income loss
  • Medical emergencies
  • Unexpected home repairs
  • Car maintenance
  • Family emergencies
  • Unanticipated travel (not your yearly leisurely travels)

So, how much emergency fund is needed?

Aim to have enough in a savings account to cover 6 months of expenses. 

Everyone’s situation is different, so you can adjust that number based on your circumstances. Before calculating the amount of the emergency fund you need, it is important to calculate the minimum amount you need to get through the unavoidable monthly expenses. 

This should include house rent, loan installments, utility bills, etc. Ensure that you don’t include avoidable expenses like movies, travel, etc. in this amount. 

However, it is most critical to know where to park your emergency fund as the amount invested should not go down either and must deliver excellent returns. So, you must design it specifically to meet your contingencies.

Where should you invest your emergency fund?

Some of the options available to you are:

  1. Fixed Deposit: It is highly liquid and if you decide to withdraw before maturity, you can have cash deposited to your saving account. Your FD should be linked to your net-banking.
  2. Liquid Mutual Funds - They are considered to be safer than other debt instruments. Many liquid funds allow redemption of up to INR 50,000 or 90% of the invested amount. You can redeem any time. However, you  need to remember that withdrawal may take 1-3 days for funds to be credited in your bank..
  3. Cash at Home - Cash can be your biggest protection against any emergency or any circumstances in which you cannot withdraw money from the bank. You should  have up to 1 month’s expenses as cash for super sudden need!

Considering the fact that each of these investment avenues behaves differently, it might be good to split up your emergency funds among them based on your comfort level. 

Where you should not park your emergency fund?

  1. Equity: Never park your emergency fund in equity as the market is volatile. It would be unfortunate to have to sell an investment at a loss to access your emergency fund.
  2. EPF/PPF/ELSS: The number one rule of your emergency fund cash is that it should be money you can easily access in a pinch. Anything that has a lock-in period does not qualify; money in your Public Provident Fund (PPF), Employee Provident Fund (EPF) or Equity Linked Saving Scheme (ELSS) cannot be part of your emergency fund.
  3. Real Estate: Even if you have crores of money in real estate it is impossible to generate emergency funds out of it due to illiquidity.

Therefore, the emergency fund is a personal insurance policy and not a wealth builder. The money must be easily accessible to you and your immediate family, or it may defeat the purpose if you are elsewhere or hospitalized and cannot access it. Safety and liquidity are the only two parameters that should be taken into account.

Wealth Cafe advice 

Emergency fund is like your parachute that saves you from a freefall in the event of a financial crisis. So, always give it the importance it deserves.

It would be useful to keep reviewing your emergency fund requirements at least once a year, as there may be changes in your life like starting out a business, taking a sabbatical from work, addition of a new family member or a change in your lifestyle.

Check out our course NM101: Maximise your savings - to learn how to manage your money and get started with savings.

You can also enroll to NM 102: Build a Safety Net - to learn more about emergency funds and insurances

6

Mistakes Investors Make That You Should Avoid

Hello fellow investors!

This Thursday, we are sharing a few mistakes that a beginner does when he/she starts investing and it is important that you understand them and act on it accordingly.


1. Not investing

The first and the biggest mistake investors and savers make is not doing it.
Don’t wait for that raise, inheritance, or lottery win. Start today, right now, with whatever you can.

Consider this: If you can save just 100 INR a day every day for 20 years, and earn 12 percent on it, you’ll end up with INR  30,48,395. That’s enough to change your life and the lives of those you love. So let's just start with keeping INR 100 aside.



2. Investing before doing your homework

When it comes to investing in risk assets like stocks, one mistake I’ve made is going on “gut instinct” and 20 minutes of Internet research.

When dealing with investments that can go south, don’t invest without a clue. If you’re thinking about stocks, there’s plenty of online research and information available free, not to mention TV shows and library books.



3. Being impatient


In a post called The 10 Commandments of Wealth and Happiness, the author, Stacy Johnson, offers this advice: Live like you’re going to die tomorrow, but invest like you’re going to live forever.

Stare at a newly planted tree for 24 hours and you’ll be convinced it’s not growing. Fixate on your investments the same way, and you could miss out on a game-changer.

As discussed above, your 100 INR daily grows into 30 lakhs over 20 years, you gotta be consistent and patient.



4. Not diversifying

There are two types of risk in stocks. The first is called market risk: If the entire market tanks, your stocks probably will as well. The other is called company risk: the risk a specific company will do poorly.

It’s hard to eliminate market risk, but you can reduce company risk by investing in lots of companies.

Can’t afford to own a meaningful number of companies? That’s what mutual funds are for. A mutual fund allows you to own a slice of dozens – even hundreds – of companies with an investment of as little as INR 500.



5. Taking too much risk

Everybody wants to double their money overnight. But if you’re always swinging for the fence, you’re going to strike out often.

Some investments are little more than gambling. Investments like options and commodities, for example, promise huge rewards, but the risk is also huge. Don't forget high risk = high returns.



6. Not taking enough risk

On the other side of the same coin, some investors stand like a deer in the headlights, unwilling to take even a measured amount of risk.

Instead, they keep their savings only in fixed deposits and bank, earning less than 6% (which is only reducing) and comforting themselves with Mark Twain’s expression: “I’m more concerned with the return of my money than the return on my money.”

Insured savings will ensure you never lose anything. But they’ll also ensure the purchasing power of your savings won’t keep pace with inflation. In other words, you’ll become poorer over time.



7. Paying too much attention

There is such a thing as information overload. Between the Internet, newspapers, magazines, and cable TV, it’s easy to get more than your fill of conflicting information.

Step back, look at the big picture, find a few financial journalists or others you trust, then tune out the rest.



8. Following the herd

One of the world’s wealthiest men, Warren Buffet, said, “Be fearful when others are greedy; be greedy when others are fearful.”

If you’re convinced the economy is going to zero, buy guns and canned goods. But if you can reasonably expect a recovery someday, invest – even if that day is a long way away, and even if it’s possible things could get worse before they get better.

We have seen the recovery that has happened from the below of March 23, 2020, of the stock market to current where we are almost back to what we were at the beginning of 2020.



9. Holding on when you should be letting go


Equity is best played as a long game. You should hold on long enough to see it through, but not knowing when to get out could cost you big.

Don’t obsess over your investments, but don’t ignore them either.



10. Being overconfident

The economy runs in cycles of boom and bust – when times are good, people often confuse luck with skill.

This is what happened during the housing bubble and the dot.com stock bubble and the past 4 months (March 2020 to July 2020). Being in the right place at the right time isn’t the same as being smart.



11. Failing to adjust

How you invest should change as your life changes. When you’re young, it makes sense to invest aggressively, because you have time to recoup from mistakes.

As you approach retirement age, you should reduce your risk.



12. Not seeking qualified help

While investing isn’t rocket science, if you don’t have the time or temperament, consider getting help.
The wrong help?
A commissioned salesperson more interested in their financial success than yours.
The right help?
A fee-based planner with the right blend of education, knowledge, credentials, and experience - you can contact us at ria.wealthcafe.in

Happy Investing!

Disclaimer: - The emailers are for information purposes only. Information presented is general information that does not take into account your individual circumstances, financial situation, or needs, nor does it present a personalized recommendation to you. You must consult a financial advisor who understands your specific circumstances and situation before taking an investment decision.



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Should I pause/stop my SIP?

The tides may appear to have calmed down for now but we never know what is in store for us next. Some relaxations have definitely come out and some more are expected. However, this does not cure COVID 19, it just prepares us for the new normal of living with Covid as we begin to resume our old routines.

While there are many uncertainties looming over us, including pay cuts and job loss, some of you guys asked us if they should discontinue/pause their SIPs under these circumstances?

Like always my answer to this will depend upon how much extra cash you have left each month and if there is an Emergency Fund (equal to 4/6 months of your monthly expenses) in place to take care of these uncertain times.

  • If you have not been affected by pay cuts, you must continue your SIPs as before. Additionally, since you are spending less than before, the savings again must get channeled into your investment portfolio.
  • If your pay has been reduced, counter that with the reduced spends, and if your total savings are still the same, continue with your SIPs. If the savings are lower, then you can dip into your Emergency Fund to ensure your SIPs don't stop. If you have not set up an EMergency fund, then you will have to reduce your monthly SIP to match the amount you are able to save each month.
  • If you have lost your job, or your salary has been paused, then you can fall back on your emergency fund to take care of your monthly expenses. SIPs will have to be stopped and will suffer.

What is the point of SIPs right now?

SIPs (known as systematic investment plans) are where you invest a fixed amount of money into a choice of your mutual fund at regular intervals (generally monthly). It is an automated process and the amount is debited from your bank and mutual fund units credited to you.

Buying in a falling market reduces your cost giving you higher benefits when the market goes up. To understand this better, let us run you through this example.

You get more units when the fund's NAV (market price) is lower
You get less units when the fund's NAV (market price) is higher.

As of 10 May, the NAV is priced at 85, hence the value of your investments will be 54,880 @5% loss.

Instead of doing SIP, had you invested a lump sum of INR 60,000 on 15 November, you would have got only 600 units (as opposed to 669 here) and the value of your investments would be INR 51,000 on 10 May 2020 (at a 15% loss). 

No one knew that the market would fall so drastically and be so volatile in 2020, but your SIPs definitely help you to invest in a staggered and make most of the down market.

Everyone wants to know when we will reach the bottom to buy the maximum number of units. But it is anyone's guess when the markets will reach the bottom or what the bottom price is.  Hence, SIP is your friend in such markets. When you continue your SIPS, your amount keeps buying a varied number of units (more in a down market) and thus, helping you to average your cost of buying.

Do not stop your SIPs now just because the markets are down, for all you know this time may turn out to be a bargain and help you get better returns in the future.

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How to manage my irregular/business income?

This lockdown seems to be going on forever with no respite in sight and we just have to find a way around it. We are all trying our best to make the most of this time, use this time to read more, catch up on movies, and learn a new skill. Some of us have started new side ventures and blogs.

As a part of this process, many of you have asked us how you should manage your irregular income as a freelancer/entrepreneur. Many business owners feel they do not have good control over their cash flow and it is difficult to plan for their own finances. This email is to help you understand how to manage your cash flows as a business owner.


1) CREATE AN EMERGENCY FUND

This will always be important and becomes critical as a business owner. You must project your expenses and cash requirements for 6 months and have that much funds kept aside in liquid investments like Fixed Deposits or Liquid Mutual Funds.

As your income is erratic but your expenses are regular, the Emergency Fund comes as a great support and you can dig into it to pay your bills in those months where the income has been a bit slow. Always, ensure to refill your Emergency Fund to back to its original value during time or surplus cash.

2) YOU SHOULD HAVE 3 BANK ACCOUNTS

Having separate accounts for your various needs will ensure a smooth flow of cash and you will know where exactly your money is going.

Bank account 1 - Business Account
Bank account 2 - Personal Account
Bank Account 3 - Investments Account

Bank Account 1 - All your business income and expenses must be taken care of from this bank account. This will also help you to file your financial statements and know the exact numbers for your business.

Bank Account 2- You must transfer an amount for your personal basic living expenses to your bank account 2. This is the account from where you will spend on your food, home rent, everyday conveyance, etc.

There are months when you do not have enough from your business to take care of your personal expenses and in such times your rainy-day friend - emergency fund comes to your rescue. Please note that the emergency fund is to be used for basic spends not for parties and shopping!!

Bank Account 3
 - This is the bank account from where you will INVEST. The months in which you make great revenues, you must transfer an amount from your Business Account to Personal Account to Investment Account and Invest that money for your future goals. These goals can be either personal or business.

Having a separate account from where you invest helps you to keep your money in an organized manner (all the extra funds will always be invested) and at the time of redemption, all the redeemed money will flow back to your Investment account. This will help you have control over your investments as well.Today when you have just started to invest, this all may seem like a lot of work, but you must understand that after a few years when you have made investments and business has grown, it will be very difficult to backtrack and put things in place and hence, the same should be done today!!

Use this time to understand how your money is flowing and put a process in place for it. We shall see you soon with more articles on the same.

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