Things to note about HRA and FAQ of HRA

Many times, people have to move to a different city in order to work. In such cases, they may end up paying rent for accommodation. Organizations often compensate employees for this expenditure by paying them a house rent allowance over and above their basic pay. This is usually a part of the salary structure. However, HRA is eligible for income tax exemption and can be a great way to reduce your taxable income.

Quest 1. What if I have a Home Loan as well? Can I claim a deduction on home loan interest?"

Ans. Yes. HRA has no bearing on your home loan interest deduction. Both can be claimed simultaneously. 

Read this article for more details- Can I claim Tax Benefit on both HRA & Home Loan?

Quest 2. “My employer doesn’t provide me with HRA? Am I losing out on saving tax?”

Ans. Not at all. If you are making payments towards rent for any furnished or unfurnished accommodation occupied by you for your residence, but do not receive HRA from your employer, you can claim a deduction under section 80GG.

However, certain conditions must be fulfilled to claim this deduction:

  • You are self-employed or salaried
  • You have not received HRA at any time during the year for which you are claiming 80GG
  • You or your spouse or your minor child or HUF of which you are a member – do not own any residential accommodation at the place where you currently reside, perform duties of office, or employment or carry on business or profession.

In case you own any residential property at any place other than the place mentioned above, then you should not claim the benefit of that property as self-occupied. That other property would be deemed to be ‘let out to claim the deduction under section 80GG.

Quest 3. “So how do I claim the Section 80GG deduction?”

Ans. The least of the amounts below will be considered as the deduction under this section:

  • Rs 5,000 per month
  • 25% of Adjusted Total Income
  • Actual Rent less 10% of Adjusted Total Income

Adjusted Total Income means Total Income less long term capital gain and short term capital gain under section 111A and Income under section 115A or 115D and deductions 80C to 80U (except deduction under section 80GG).

Quest 4. “I am living with my parents. How do I claim the HRA deduction?”

Ans. Let’s understand this through a case: Ms. Sonam works at an MNC in Bangalore. Her company provides her with a house rent allowance. But she doesn’t live in rented accommodation; she lives with her parents instead. How can she make use of this allowance?

Sonam can pay rent to her parents and claim the allowance, provided they own the place they currently live in. All Sonam has to do is enter into a rental agreement with her parents and transfer money to them every month.

This way Sonam can make a nice gesture and give something back to her parents, and also save some tax.

Important: Sonam’s parents will have to show the rent she paid in their income tax returns. But as a family, they will save up. They can generate their Rent Receipts.

Ques 5. “I have forgotten to submit rent receipts to my employer. How can I claim the HRA tax benefit now?”

Ans. The good news is that HRA can be claimed directly on your income tax returns. . All you have to do is manually calculate the HRA tax exemption and then report this as an expense under Section 10(13A) in ITR1. You will also need to declare this in Form 16 - Part B. You will then be able to claim a refund of tax that has been deducted in excess.

Ques 6. Can the maintenance charges that I pay for my apartment be included for HRA tax exemption?

Ans. No. HRA deductions are allowed only for rent payment. Maintenance charges, electricity charges, utility payments, etc. are not included.

Ques 7. Can a self-employed taxpayer claim HRA?

Ans. No, a self-employed individual cannot claim HRA exemption under the Income Tax Act, 1961. A salaried individual having an HRA component in their salary structure can claim HRA exemption under Section 10 (13A) of the Income Tax Act.

Crackdown on tax evaders

Submitting fake rent receipts has been one of the most common ways for individuals to reduce their taxes, despite it being unethical. However, the new rules put in place by the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) are expected to change all this. Assessing officers can question individuals and ask them for additional documentation if they feel the rent receipts provided are not adequate proof. This is just one of several measures that the government has put in place to curb instances of tax evasion and black money.

Failing to comply with these rules and providing fake rent receipts is considered fraud, and could result in serious consequences.

 

So, ensure you are well versed with the tax filing process and that you have all the necessary documentation in place for filing returns. It will make the entire process smoother and quicker for you. 

What is an allowance? What are the types of allowance?

Taxpayers are usually aware of deductions under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act or for which they are eligible. However, it is noticed that taxpayers are unaware of the taxability of allowances and the exemptions available under different sources of income.

If you think that your entire salary is liable to taxes, then that is not true. Your overall package, often known as CTC, comprises many allowances. 

While your basic salary is fully taxable, there are other benefits offered to the employees in the form of allowances and prerequisites. These allowances are offered to employees for the expenses they bear during work. There are three types of allowances:

  • Fully-taxable allowances

The fully taxable allowances are not exempted from Income Tax. You have to pay the full tax applicable to these allowances.

  • Potentially taxable allowances

The partially taxable allowances are exempted from the Income Tax to a limit.

  • Fully Exempt allowances

The non-taxable allowances are exempted from the Income Tax fully. But, these are usually offered to government employees.

Let’s see how these allowances can impact your take-home salary.

Fully-taxable allowances Potentially taxable allowances Fully Exempt allowances
Basic Salary House Rent Allowance Food Allowance
Dearness Allowance Leave Travel Allowance Children education allowance
Special Allowance Car Maintenance Allowance Conveyance Allowance
Overtime Allowance Daily Allowance
Bonus Academic and Research Allowance

 

Wealth cafe Advice

As soon a person joins an organization, s/he is provided with the breakup of the fixed salary and allowances. However, most of the time individuals are ignorant about taxation. But allowances can help employees save taxes provided they are placed in the salary intelligently.

Salary restructuring is not possible in every organization, but if possible, employees should try to include allowances that are non-taxable or are partially taxable in nature. This way they can reduce the tax liability to some extent.

Thus, one should take note that through intelligent planning one can use allowances to save taxes and reduce the tax outflow.

What is Form 16/Form 16A - How does it help?

A TDS certificate is a document issued by the deductor to the deductee. Here, the deductor is someone who deducts tax at the source of the payment, while the deductee is the person who receives the tax-deducted payment.

However, there are two types of TDS certificates issued by the deductor -

  1. Form 16: It is issued by an employer to all its employees, incorporating details of the tax deductions made by the employer in the given financial year.
  2. Form 16A: It is issued in all other cases besides salary.

To under these two certificates, consider the following example -

  • Mr. Hemant works as a salaried employee at a reputed company in Mumbai. The tax deductions of his salary are at 15 percent. The company will thus provide him with Form 16 describing the amount of salary paid to him and the tax deducted from it.
  • In another case, if Mr. Hemant was a working professional who receives professional fees from a company that is subjected to TDS, then he will be provided with Form 16A.

How can you use Form 16 to your advantage?

  1. Help in filing Income Tax Return
  2. Proof of Income
  3. Document stating how your tax was computed and check any anomalies
  4. One place document to see all your tax-saving investments
  5. Loan assessment and approval
  6. Visa issuance
  7. On switching jobs: Helps the next employer compute your tax liabilities on the basis of what your previous employer has already deducted
  8. Since it is a document of the tax credit, you can check for any overpaid taxes, which will help you in claiming refunds. 

FAQs on Form 16

1. How is Form 16 generated?

The TDS CPC is responsible for the generation of Form 16 on the basis of the quarterly TDS and TCS statements processing. A deductor will be required to raise a request for the same on the TRACES website.

2. When are the due dates for the issuance of Form 16 and Form 16A certificates?

Form 16 is issued annually and is supposed to be issued by the 31st of May. On the other hand, Form 16A is issued quarterly and is issued within 15 days from the due date of furnishing the statement of tax deducted at source as per rule 31A.

3. Can I get a duplicate Form 16 certificate if I misplace the original one?

Yes, you have to get in touch with your deductor to get the duplicate certificate issued

4. If I am a pensioner, who will issue my Form 16?

If you are a pensioner, the bank through which you are receiving your pension will issue Form 16. Your previous employer will not be issuing Form 16 in this case.

5. Can I download my Form 16 certificate without enrolling myself on the TRACES website?

No, you have to be a registered user on the TRACES website to be able to download your Form 16 and Form 16A.

6. How can I get Form 16?

You will need to contact your employer in order to receive Form 16 are an employer, it is compulsory for you to issue Form 16 to employees. 

 

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    TDS Rate Chart for AY 2021-22 and FY 2020-21

    Due to the Covid-19 situation, the rates of TDS on payments made to resident Indians have been reduced by 25% for the period starting from 14th May 2020 to 31st March 2021. However, there shall be no reduction in rates, where tax is required to be deducted or collected at a higher rate due to non-furnishing of PAN/Aadhaar.

    The following tables list the various TDS rates applicable to resident and non-resident payments as well as TDS rates on domestic and foreign companies in India. Any person paying income is responsible to deduct tax at source and depositing TDS within the stipulated due date.

     

    Section Nature of payment Threshold Limit Applicable from 01/04/2020 to 13/05/2020 Applicable from 14/05/2020 to 31/03/2021
          Resident Non-resident * Resident Non-resident *
        Rs.  TDS Rate (%) TDS Rate (%) TDS Rate (%) TDS Rate (%)
    192 Salaries - Normal slab rate Normal slab rate Normal slab rate Normal slab rate
    192A Premature withdrawal from EPF 50000 10 10 10 10
    194 Dividends 5000 10 - 7.5 -
    194A Interest (Banking co., co-operative society engaged in banking, post office) 40000 10 - 7.5 -
    194D Insurance commission

    - Other than Company

    - Company

    15000  

    5

    10

     

    -

    -

     

    3.75

    10

     

    -

    -

    194F Repurchase units by MFs - 20 20 15 20
    194H Commission/Brokerage 15000 5 - 3.75 -
    194I Rent of - Plant/Machinery /Equipment

    - Land and Building/Furniture & Fixture

    240000 2

    10

    -

    -

    1.5

    7.5

    -

    -

    194IA Transfer of certain immovable property other than agricultural land 50 lakh 1 - 0.75 -
    194IB Rent by Individual/HUF 50000 per month 5 - 3.75 -
    194J Professional Fees 30000 10 - 7.5 -
    194J Technical Fees (w.e.f. 01.04.2020) 30000 2 - 1.5 -
    194N Payment of a certain amount in cash 1 Crore 2 2 2 2
    195 Income of Investment made by an NRI - - 20 - 20
    195 Long-term capital gain

    - Under Section - 115E/

    112(1)(c)(iii)/112A

    - Any Other Gains

    -  

     

    -

    -

     

     

    10

    20

     

     

    -

    -

     

     

    10

    20

    195 Short-term capital gain - 111A - - 15 - 15
    195 Royalty - - 10 - 10
    195 Fees for technical services - - 10 - 10
    195 Interest income payable by Govt./Indian concern (other than section 194LB or 194LC) - - 20 - 20
    195 Any Other Income - Other than Company

                     - Company

    - -

     

    -

    30

     

    40

    -

     

    -

    30

     

    40

    196A Income in respect –

    - of units of a Mutual Fund specified under clause (23D) of section 10; or

    - from the specified company referred to in the Explanation to clause (35) of section 10

    - - 20 - 20

    * TDS rate shall be increased by applicable surcharge and Health & Education Cess.

    Note: In case of non-furnishing of PAN/Aadhaar by deductee, TDS will be charged at a normal rate or 20% (5% in case of section 194-O), whichever is higher.

    TCS Rate Chart for F.Y. 2020-21 (A.Y: 2021-22)

     

    Note: In case of non-furnishing of PAN/Aadhaar by collectee, TCS will be charged at twice of the normal rate applicable or 5% {1% in case of sale of any goods (given in the last point) of the value exceeding 50 Lacs}, whichever is higher.

     

    In case you are confused about TDS Return Filing, feel free to consult the experts at Wealthcafe.

    National Pension System – FAQs

    Ques 1. Who can join NPS?

    Ans. Any Indian citizen between 18 and 60 years can join NPS. The only condition is that the person must comply with know your customer (KYC) norms.

     

    Ques 2. Is saving with the National Pension System allowed for an NRI?

    Ans. Yes, an NRI can join NPS. However, the account will be closed if there is a change in the citizenship status of the NRI.

     

    Ques 3. What are the documents needed for opening an NPS account?

    Ans. You should fill the subscriber registration form and submit it along with proof of identity, address, and date of birth to the POP

     

    Ques 4. Can an individual invest in more than one National Pension Scheme?

    Ans. No, the scheme comes with a unique PRAN for each individual and thus does not allow multiple accounts for a single person. In fact, there is no need to open a second account as NPS is portable across sectors and locations.

     

    Ques 5. What is a Permanent Retirement Account Number (PRAN)?

    Ans. Every NPS subscriber is issued a card with a 12-digit unique number called Permanent Retirement Account Number or PRAN.

     

    Ques 6. How do I join NPS?

    Ans. You should open an NPS account with entities known as Point of Presence (POP). Most banks, both private and public sector, are enrolled as POPs. Several financial institutions also act as POPs. The authorized branches of a POP called point of presence service providers (POP-SPs), act as the collection points.

     

    Ques 7. How would I know if my bank serves as a PoP for the scheme or not?

    Ans. You can check the list of authorized PoPs at NPS’s official website to confirm whether your bank serves as a PoP or not. https://www.npscra.nsdl.co.in/pop-sp.php

     

    Ques 8. What is the minimum contribution in NPS?

    Ans. You have to contribute a minimum of Rs 6,000 to your Tier-I account in a financial year.

     

    Ques 9. What will happen if I don’t make the minimum contribution?

    Ans. If you do not contribute the minimum amount, your account will be frozen. You can unfreeze the account by visiting the POP and pay the minimum required amount and a penalty of Rs 100.

     

    Ques 10. Will the government also contribute to my NPS account?

    Ans. No, the government will not contribute to your NPS account.

     

    Ques 11. Who manages the money invested in NPS?

    Ans. The money invested in NPS is managed by PFRDA-registered Pension Fund Managers. At the moment, there are eight pension fund managers: ICICI Prudential Pension Fund, LIC Pension Fund, Kotak Mahindra Pension Fund, Reliance Capital Pension Fund, SBI Pension Fund, UTI Retirement Solutions Pension Fund, HDFC Pension Management Company, and DSP BlackRock Pension Fund Managers.

     

    Ques 12. What are the investment choices available in NPS?

    Ans. The National Pension System or NPS offers two choices:

    1) Active Choice: This option allows the investor to decide how the money should be invested in different assets.

    2) Auto choice or lifecycle fund: This is the default option that invests money automatically in line with the age of the subscriber.

     

    Ques 13. What are the investment options available under Active Choice?

    Ans. The Active Choice offers three funds or investment options: Asset Class E (invests 50 percent in stocks); Asset Class C (invests in fixed income instruments other than government securities); Asset Class G (invests only in government securities). An investor can choose one of these funds or opt for a combination of them.

     

    Ques 14. Can I change my investment choices?

    Ans. Yes, you can change your investment choices once in a financial year for both Tier-I and Tier-II accounts.

     

    Ques 15. Can I change my scheme and pension, fund managers?

    Ans. Yes, you can change your scheme preference and pension fund manager. You can even change your investment option (active and auto choices).

     

    Ques 16. What are Tier-I and Tier-II accounts?

    Ans. NPS offers two accounts: Tier-I and Tier-II accounts. Tier-I is a mandatory account and Tier-II is voluntary. The big difference between the two is the withdrawal of money invested in them. You cannot withdraw the entire money from the Tier-I account till your retirement. Even on retirement, there are restrictions on withdrawal on the Tier-I account. The subscriber is free to withdraw the entire money from the Tier-II account.

     

    Ques 17. Can I have different pension fund managers and investment option for Tier I and Tier II account?

    Ans. Yes, you can select different pension fund managers and investment options for your NPS Tier I and Tier II accounts.

     

    Ques 18. What are the tax benefits available for NPS?

    Ans. An employee’s contribution is eligible for a tax deduction --up to 10 percent of the salary (basic plus DA) – under Section 80CCD(1) of the Income Tax Act within the overall ceiling of Rs 1.5 lakh allowed under Section 80C and Section 80CCE.

    The employer’s contribution to NPS is exempted under Section 80CCD (2).

    Moreover, individuals can claim an additional deduction of up to Rs 50,000 under Section 80CCD (1B), which is in addition to Rs 1.5 lakh permitted under Section 80C.

    A self-employed person can also contribute 10 percent of his gross income under Section 80CCD (1) in NPS.

     

    Ques 19. When can I withdraw money from NPS?

    Ans. NPS is a pension product. So, you are expected to stay invested until your retirement. At 60, you must use at least 40 percent of the corpus to buy an annuity income from a PFRDA-listed insurance company. You have the option to withdraw 60 percent of the corpus tax-free.

     

    Ques20. Can I defer withdrawing the lump sum amount at 60?

    Ans. Yes, you can defer withdrawing the lump sum amount in NPS until you are 70 years old.

     

    Ques 21. What if I want to take the money out when I am 60?

    Ans. If you are getting out of the scheme before you are 60 years old, you can only withdraw 20 percent of the accumulated corpus in NPS. You must use 80 percent of the corpus to buy an annuity.

    Ques 22. What happens to the money if I discontinue the scheme?

    Ans. If you discontinue your investment, your account will be frozen. You can reactivate the account only if you make the minimum contribution required along with the penalty.

     

    Ques 23. What happens if the subscriber dies before 60 years?

    Ans. If the subscriber dies before 60 years, the entire accumulated wealth would be paid to the nominee/legal heir of the subscriber.

     

    Ques 24. How do I withdraw the money from NPS?

    Ans. You will have to submit the withdrawal application to the POP along with relevant documents. POP would authenticate the documents and forward them to the Central Record-keeping Agency (CRA) and NSDL. CRA would register your claim and forward you the application form along with details of documents that need to be submitted. Once you complete the necessary procedure, CRA processes the application and settles the account.

     

    Ques 25. What are the documents to be submitted along with withdrawal forms?

    Ans. You have to submit the following documents along with the withdrawal forms:

    1. PRAN card (original)
    2. Attested copy of proof of identity
    3. Attested copy of proof of address
    4. A canceled cheque

     

    You can also read the following articles to learn more about NPS:

    1. NPS: National Pension Scheme

    2. How to apply for NPS?

    3. Tax benefits of NPS

    4. NPS Withdrawal Rules

    How to apply for NPS?

    The NPS or the National Pension System (NPS) is a voluntary retirement scheme set up by the government through which you can save for your old age pension or create a retirement corpus. 

    The Process to Register for the National Pensions Scheme

    Individuals can register and obtain a subscription to the National Pension System through the online platform eNPS. Registration for the scheme can be done in the following steps.

    Step 1 – Go to the eNPS portal available at the official website of the National Pension System.

    Step 2 – Choose your subscriber type from the available options ‘Individual Subscriber’ and ‘Corporate Subscriber’.

    Step 3 – Choose your suitable residential status. The options include ‘Citizen of India’ and ‘NRI’.

    Step 4 – Opt for either Tier I account type or both accounts as a choice of the former is mandatory for long-term savings.

    Step 5 – Enter your PAN details and select a suitable bank or PoP. It is ideal to choose a PoP with whom you have an existing relationship such as a savings/current/Demat/account for KYC verification as the chosen PoP will do it.

    Step 6 – Upload the scanned copy of your PAN card along with a canceled cheque. The image format should be in .jpg, .jpeg, or .png format with a file size of 4KB to 2MB.

    Step 7 – Next, upload your scanned photograph and signature in the same format and size as above.

    Step 8 – Once routed to the payment gateway, proceed to pay the required charges via net Banking.

    Step 9 – With the completion of payment, your Permanent Retirement Account Number will be generated.

    While this was the process of completing PRAN generation for all subscribers, NRIs need to complete a few additional steps as follows.

    • Choose the status of the bank account, i.e., either repatriable or non-repatriable.
    • Provide the details of the NRO or NRE bank account along with the passport’s scanned copy.
    • Choose a suitable communication address, i.e. either permanent or overseas address. Note that communication to the latter attracts additional charges.

    Once the PRAN is allotted, an applicant needs to proceed with either of the following steps for authentication.

    E-Sign option for authentication

    • On the E-sign/Print & Courier page, choose the E-sign option.
    • Authenticate with OTP sent to the mobile number registered with your Aadhaar card.
    • After the Aadhaar authentication, the registration form is signed successfully, and you do not need to send its physical copy.

    Note that service charges are applicable for e-signing your registration form. However, if you are unable to complete the online authentication process, you can opt for the alternative option given below.

    Authentication via print and courier

    • To proceed with this authentication process, you need to select the Print & Courier option on the initial page.
    • Next, print the form available on the page, paste the photograph and sign in the dedicated signature block.
    • Send the form within 30 days of PRAN allotment to the address given below. Not doing so will result in temporary freezing of the PRAN.

    Address for sending the authentication form – 

    Central Recordkeeping Agency (eNPS)

    NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited,

    1st Floor, Times Tower, Kamala Mills Compound, Senapati Bapat Marg,

    Lower Parel, Mumbai – 400 013

    How to correct/update Bank details in EPF/UAN online?

    The EPFO Online member portal allows a host of services to its members to access, that range from checking their passbook, tracking their EPF fund, transferring their claim online, and a lot more. One such facility that EPF members can avail of is updating their bank details via the UAN portal.

    Here are a few simple and easy steps on how to change your EPF Bank details online.

    1. Log on to the official EPFO portal.
    2. Use your UAN login id and password.
    3. Go to the menu section.
    4. Now click the “MANAGE” button.
    5. From the drop-down, click “KYC”.
    6. You will be taken to another landing page.
    7. Now select the “BANK” option.
    • You can see these options: Document Number (Bank Account Number)
    • Name as per Document (Name On Bank Account)
    • IFSC Code
    1. Fill in the required details.
    2. Press the save button.

    Once you have made the changes, your online service will show KYC Pending For Approval. This means that you will have to submit the proof of your updated bank details to your employer. Once your employer approves your KYC update request, your new bank account will be added/replaced. A message regarding this will also be conveyed through your registered mobile number.

    Wealthcafe Advice:

    You are no longer dependent on your employer or your ex-employer to update the details or exit date on the EPFO portal. Linking your Aadhar is mandatory as well as it is crucial to mark your date of exit correctly. Follow the simple steps stated above and you will be able to update your EPF account easily.

     

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